![]() The other cell envelopes the new spore to protect it while it’s still strengthening the endospore wall called the forespore. One copy begins to toughen the outer membrane layer to become the spore. In short, a cell divides in two within itself, creating identical (for now) copies. When bacteria are starved of nutrients or detect other environmental stressors, it starts the process of sporulation. When pathogenic bacteria “wake up” it can be especially dangerous to human health and is certainly a food safety risk. (Cano, 1995) When environmental conditions are favorable again, bacteria can “wake up” and start to perform normal metabolic and reproductive functions. Some species that have been found viable are 40 million years old. Because of this durability, bacteria can live exceptionally long in this dormant stage. The spore state of bacteria is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, desiccation, high temperature, extreme freezing, and chemical disinfectants. Endospores protect bacteria from unfavorable environmental conditions. What is a spore?Įndospores are non-reproductive structures that form as a stress response in certain types of bacteria ( Clostridium difficile, for example). Endospores are similar in structure to mold and plant spores but serve to protect bacteria whereas spores in mold and plants aid in reproduction. ![]() Mold and plant spores aid in reproduction. One of the key ways it survives these harsh environments is its ability to form spores or Endospores. Bacteria survive in some of the toughest environments on Earth. ![]()
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